Trifolium pratense subsp. pratense

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Genus: Trifolium

red clover

Naturalized

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form:

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves:

Flowers:

Fruit:

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

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Synonyms (99)

Ononis trifoliata L. (1767)

Trifolium abbreviatum J.Woods (1850)

Trifolium alpicola Hegetschw. (1840)

Trifolium arizagae Pau (1937)

Trifolium borderi A.Kern. ex Rouy (1899)

Trifolium borysthenicum Gruner (1869)

Trifolium brachyanthum Rouy (1899)

Trifolium brachystylos Knaf (1854)

Trifolium bracteatum Schousb. ex Willd. (1809)

Trifolium capillatum Dumort. (1827)

Trifolium carpathicum Janka ex Nyman (1878)

Trifolium expansum Waldst. & Kit. (1807)

Trifolium foliosum (Brandegee) Miniaev (1961)

Trifolium glareosum Dumort. (1827)

Trifolium heterophyllum Tratt. (1812)

Trifolium lenkoranicum (Grossh.) Roskov (1990)

Trifolium leucophaeum Schousb. ex Ball (1878)

Trifolium microphyllum Desv. (1809)

Trifolium nivale Sieber ex W.D.J.Koch (1835)

Trifolium nivale var. sanguineum Pau (1909)

Trifolium officinarum Garsault (1764)

Trifolium pensylvanicum f. albiflorum Farw. (1928)

Trifolium pratense convar. praecox (Witte) Holub (1993)

Trifolium pratense convar. serotinum (Witte) Holub (1993)

Trifolium pratense f. galactiflorum B.Boivin (1960)

Trifolium pratense f. lilacinum Moldenke (1943)

Trifolium pratense f. sanguineum (Pau) C.Vicioso (1954)

Trifolium pratense f. velenovskyana Kožuharov (1976)

Trifolium pratense f. versicolor H.Lindb. ex Hiitonen (1933)

Trifolium pratense proles borderi Rouy (1899)

Trifolium pratense proles brachyanthum Rouy (1899)

Trifolium pratense proles bracteatum (Schousb. ex Willd.) Rouy (1899)

Trifolium pratense proles nivale (W.D.J.Koch) Rouy (1899)

Trifolium pratense proles sativum (Schreb.) Rouy (1899)

Trifolium pratense sativum Schreb. (1804)

Trifolium pratense subsp. americanum (Harz) Soják (1963)

Trifolium pratense subsp. expansum (Waldst. & Kit.) Ponert (1973)

Trifolium pratense subsp. frigidum C.Vicioso (1954)

Trifolium pratense subsp. maritimum (Zabel) Rothm. (1963)

Trifolium pratense subsp. nivale (W.D.J.Koch) Arcang. (1882)

Trifolium pratense subsp. sativum (Schreb.) Ser. (1825)

Trifolium pratense subsp. semipurpureum (Strobl) Pignatti (1973)

Trifolium pratense subsp. serotinum (Witte) Holub (1993)

Trifolium pratense subvar. rotundifolium (Lej.) C.Vicioso (1954)

Trifolium pratense subvar. spontaneum (Willk.) C.Vicioso (1954)

Trifolium pratense subvar. villosum Rouy (1899)

Trifolium pratense var. album Gray (1822)

Trifolium pratense var. alpinum Hoppe (1812)

Trifolium pratense var. americanum Harz (1891)

Trifolium pratense var. anatolicum Freyn (1895)

Trifolium pratense var. australe Freyn (1878)

Trifolium pratense var. collinum Gibelli & Belli (1889)

Trifolium pratense var. evariegatum M.Y.Liu & F.C.Wang (1989)

Trifolium pratense var. expansum (Waldst. & Kit.) Hausskn. (1893)

Trifolium pratense var. fistulosum Schur (1866)

Trifolium pratense var. flavicans Guss. (1828)

Trifolium pratense var. foliosum Brandegee (1906)

Trifolium pratense var. frigidum Gaudin (1829)

Trifolium pratense var. gracilescens Ser. (1825)

Trifolium pratense var. heterophyllum Rouy (1899)

Trifolium pratense var. hirsutum Boiss. (1840)

Trifolium pratense var. hispanicum Gaudin (1829)

Trifolium pratense var. humile Lej. (1825)

Trifolium pratense var. lenkoranicum Grossh. (1930)

Trifolium pratense var. luteopurpureum Rouy (1899)

Trifolium pratense var. majus Boiss. (1872)

Trifolium pratense var. maritimum Zabel (1859)

Trifolium pratense var. mesatlanticum H.Lindb. (1932)

Trifolium pratense var. microphyllum Lej. (1836)

Trifolium pratense var. minus C.Vicioso (1954)

Trifolium pratense var. multifidum Ser. (1825)

Trifolium pratense var. nivale W.D.J.Koch (1836)

Trifolium pratense var. nummulariifolium Rouy (1899)

Trifolium pratense var. obesum Gaudin (1829)

Trifolium pratense var. pedunculatum Ser. (1825)

Trifolium pratense var. pilosum Heuff. (1838)

Trifolium pratense var. praecox Witte (1918)

Trifolium pratense var. pratarum Alef. (1866)

Trifolium pratense var. pyrenaeum Lange (1878)

Trifolium pratense var. pyrenaicum Willk. (1877)

Trifolium pratense var. rhodopeum Velen. (1894)

Trifolium pratense var. rotundifolium Lej. (1836)

Trifolium pratense var. sativum (Schreb.) Gray (1822)

Trifolium pratense var. semipurpureum Strobl (1887)

Trifolium pratense var. sericeum Nègre (1960)

Trifolium pratense var. serotinum Witte (1918)

Trifolium pratense var. spontaneum Willk. (1863)

Trifolium pratense var. stojanovii Kožuharov (1976)

Trifolium pratense var. sylvestre Ducommun (1869)

Trifolium pratense var. variegatum M.Y.Liu & F.C.Wang (1989)

Trifolium pratense var. villosum Wahlb. (1820)

Trifolium purpureum Gilib. (1782)

Trifolium sativum (Schreb.) Crome ex Boenn. (1824)

Trifolium sativum subsp. serotinum (Witte) Bobrov (1945)

Trifolium seravschanicum Ovcz. (1941)

Trifolium transsilvanicum Schur (1866)

Trifolium ucrainicum Opperman (1954)

Trifolium vaginatum Schleich. (1800)

Trifolium villosum Ten. (1831)

Uses and Culture

USES

Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Molokai Potentially naturalizing

Maui Potentially naturalizing

Hawai'i Potentially naturalizing

Dispersal Agents

Pollinators

Specimens

Conservation Status

IUCN:Least Concern

Bibliography

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:714 (M, H [as T. pratense var. sativum]); POWO 2025 (now subsp. sativum)

Occurrences

SNo.	Scientific Name	Locality	Habitat	Basis of Record	Description	Recorded By	Record Number	Island	Source	Date
1	Trifolium pratense subsp. pratense	Research Station just below Park HQ, Haleakala National Park, East	grass	Preserved_Specimen	Robust, trailing herb with stems becoming 7 mm diam. Flowers reddish-lavender, 15 mm long. Heads 3 cm diam.	Nagata, K.M.	2568	Maui	BISH	1982-11-20
2	Trifolium pratense subsp. pratense	Near the ranch manager's house in Keauhou Ranch, Kau District	Occasionally found within the pasture.	Preserved_Specimen	A low herb with red violet flowers.	Clarke, G.	471	Hawaii	BISH	1980-07-22
3	Trifolium pratense subsp. pratense	Volcanoes National Park, along Crater Rim Trail, Kilauea Iki Crater, parking area for Thurston Lava Tube	Metrosideros rainforest	Preserved_Specimen	flowers pink	Wagner, W.L.	4863	Hawaii	BISH	1983-07-26
4	Trifolium pratense subsp. pratense	Parker Ranch, Waikii	pasture	Preserved_Specimen		Ewart III, G.R.	232	Hawaii	BISH	1932-04-17
5	Trifolium pratense subsp. pratense	Waimea, S.Kohala	grass garden fairly moist place	Preserved_Specimen		Hosaka, E.Y.	2021	Hawaii	BISH	1938-04-26
6	Trifolium pratense subsp. pratense	Molokai Forest Preserve, Smash House clearing.		Preserved_Specimen		Hughes, G.D.	58	Molokai	BISH	1992-09-01
7	Trifolium pratense subsp. pratense	near the ranch manager's house in Keauhou Ranch, Kau District	Found within the pasture.	Preserved_Specimen	A low 10 herb with red-violet flowers.	Clarke, G.	471	Hawaii	BISH	1980-07-22

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